Java is an object-oriented programming language that appeared in 1995. 
It still counts as one of the most dominant programming languages.\footnote{As of 2025, see \url{https://github.blog/news-insights/octoverse/octoverse-a-new-developer-joins-github-every-second-as-ai-leads-typescript-to-1/} (last accessed: 17/11/2025)} 
In order to write Java programs, one needs to install the so-called \emph{Java Development Kit (JDK)}. 
Java programs can be written independently from the operating system that one uses.