\chapter{Graphics}
\label{sec:graphics}

Since in \LaTeX{} we work with plain text, we cannot simply embed graphics into our text as we may be used to from other \deleted[id=F]{text} word processing programs. 
Instead, we reference external image files by a command. The figure is then embedded and positioned at compile time.

\section{Inserting graphics}
\label{sec:display-graphics}
In order to be able to reference graphics, the package \texttt{graphicx} has to be included. For inserting a figure, we can use the following commands:
	
\begin{minted}[tabsize=4]{latex}
\begin{figure}
	\includegraphics{<file path>}
	\caption[<short title>]{<caption>}
\end{figure}
\end{minted}

\noindent The command \mintinline{latex}{includegraphics} can be used to change the image size. The desired height and width of the figure can be indicated separately, \replaced[id=F]{as}{like} illustrated by the following example:

\begin{minted}{latex}
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth,height=5cm]{<file path>}
\end{minted}

\section{Positioning}
\label{sec:graphics-placement}
One interesting aspect of the  what-you-get-is-what-you-mean paradigm is the way how graphics can be positioned. 
By default, the graphic is placed at the potentially optimal position that is calculated by the compiler. \todo{Bezüge etwas unklar. Evtl. Reihenfolge der Sätze überdenken?}It creates multiple layouts and evaluates them. By moving graphics, typographic blemishes, like widows and orphans\footnote{The first (last) line of a paragraph appears alone as last (first) line on the previous (next) page, cf. \url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widows_and_orphans}.}, can be avoided. 

As a consequence, graphics are not necessarily placed between the two text blocks that we specify, but at another position. 
In order to reference a picture, that possibly is placed on another page, we can use labels, which are covered in \cref{sec:references}. 
On top of that, we can limit the positioning of our image more or less rigorously by adding optional parameters to the \texttt{figure} environment. The available positioning shortcuts can be found in \cref{tbl:placement-abbreviations}.

\begin{table}[h!]
	\centering
	\begin{tabular}{cl}
		\toprule
		Shortcut & Position                              \\
		\midrule
		h      & here, if possible						\\
		t      & on top of the page \emph{(top)}        \\
		b      & at the bottom of the page \emph{(bottom)}    \\
		p      & on its own page \emph{(page)} \\
		H      & Definitely here! (requires package \texttt{float}) \\
		\bottomrule
	\end{tabular}
	\caption{Shortcuts for positioning graphics}
	\label{tbl:placement-abbreviations}
\end{table}
\todo{Entweder alles als Satz oder nichts}

\begin{minted}[tabsize=4]{latex}
\begin{figure}[<position shortcut>]
	\centering
	\includegraphics{<file path>}
\end{figure}
\end{minted}

Besides the vertical positioning, also the horizontal orientation may be of importance. 
By default, graphics are left-justified. 
The command \mintinline{latex}{\centering} centers all following objects in the current environment.
If we want the centering to affect only one object, we can alternatively wrap the figure with  \mintinline{latex}{\begin{center}} and \mintinline{latex}{\end{center}}.
\todo{In Figures ist das ja eigentlich nicht notwendig, oder?}