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Reviewed sections 3–9.

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4
commands.tex
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@ -150,13 +150,13 @@
\ifthenelse{\equal{\exercisemode}{any}}{
\IfFileExists{#1.raw.tex}{
\IfFileExists{#1.done.tex}{
\subsubsection*{Vorschau des ungelösten Materials}
\subsubsection*{Preview of the raw material}
}{}
\input{#1.raw.tex}
}{}
\IfFileExists{#1.done.tex}{
\IfFileExists{#1.raw.tex}{
\subsubsection*{Vorschau des gelösten Materials}
\subsubsection*{Preview of the solution}
}{}
\input{#1.done.tex}
}{}

42
content/basic-document-structure.tex
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@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ Furthermore, you can use \mintinline{latex}{book} for books, \mintinline{latex}{
In addition to the standard document classes, the \acro{KOMA} script classes have been developed.
They provide alternatives to the document classes mentioned above:
In lieu of \mintinline{latex}{article} you can use \mintinline{latex}{scrartcl}, \mintinline{latex}{report} is replaced by \mintinline{latex}{scrreport}, and \mintinline{latex}{scrbook} can be used instead of \mintinline{latex}{book}.
In lieu of \mintinline{latex}{article} you can use \mintinline{latex}{scrartcl}, \mintinline{latex}{report} is replaced by \mintinline{latex}{scrreprt},\todo{Auf die fehlenden Vokale hinweisen? Anscheinend führt das zu Fehlern …} and \mintinline{latex}{scrbook} can be used instead of \mintinline{latex}{book}.
As a replacement for \mintinline{latex}{letter}, one can use \mintinline{latex}{scrlttr2}.
A complete list of all \acro{KOMA} script classes is available online.\footnote{Available at: \url{https://komascript.de/omascriptbestandteile}}
By using \acro{KOMA} document classes, the layout of the generated \acro{PDF} document is changed.
On top of that, they provide additional functionalities.
The standard document classes are designed according to the American-English
standards whereas \acro{KOMA} classes adhere to European norms, e.\,g., for
The standard document classes are designed according to \replaced[id=C]{US-American conventions}{the American-English standards}
whereas \acro{KOMA} classes adhere to European norms, e.\,g., for
writing letters.
Each \mintinline{latex}{\documentclass} command can hold optional parameters in
@ -37,29 +37,28 @@ The language can be passed as an optional parameter, too (cf. \cref{sec:language
\subsection{Digression: packages}
\label{sec:packages}
\todo{Muss ``packages'' hier jetzt groß oder klein?}
\todo{Sollte beides gehen}
\begin{minted}{latex}
\usepackage[<options>]{<packagename>}
\end{minted}
Packages provide additional commands and functionalities that we can use within our \LaTeX{} source code.
There are numerous packages for different use cases (e.\,g., typesetting formulas, lists, \textellipsis).
In order to use a package, it must be included within the preamble.
\replaced[id=C]{For a package to be used}{In order to use a package}, it must be included within the preamble.
To do so, the above-mentioned command is used.
The most important \LaTeX{} packages can be found in the Comprehensive \TeX\ Archive Network,\footnote{Available at: \url{https://www.ctan.org/}} short: \acro{CTAN}.
You can also find the documentation for the packages there.
The most important \LaTeX{} packages can be found in the Comprehensive \TeX\ Archive Network, short: \acro{CTAN}.\footnote{Available at: \url{https://www.ctan.org/}}
You can also find \deleted[id=C]{the }documentation for the packages there.
\subsection{Encoding}
\begin{minted}{latex}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[t1]
\end{minted}
One use case for packages is specifying the encoding of our \LaTeX{} document.
The character encoding\footnote{cf. \url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encoding}} determines the available character set.
The standard encoding in \LaTeX{} is \acro{ASCII}.\footnote{cf. \url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII}}
It is an American character encoding and therefore does, for instance, not contain German umlauts, or other special characters, which makes it unsuitable for most use cases.
As a consequence, \acro{UTF-8}\footnote{cf. \url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8}} can be used as a universal character encoding.
It is an American character encoding and therefore does\deleted[id=C]{, for instance,} not contain German umlauts\deleted[id=C]{,} or \added[id=C]{most }other special characters, which makes it unsuitable \replaced[id=C]{at least for non-english}{for most} use cases.
\replaced[id=C]{Instead}{As a consequence}, \acro{UTF-8}\footnote{cf. \url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8}} can be used as a universal character encoding.
In \LaTeX{}, we need to specify two character encodings:
The input encoding (short: \mintinline{latex}{inputenc}), which refers to our source code, and the font encoding (short: \mintinline{latex}{fontenc}), which concerns the choice of the file that is used to portray the content within our \acro{PDF} document, since we also need special characters there.
@ -72,8 +71,7 @@ The input encoding (short: \mintinline{latex}{inputenc}), which refers to our so
\begin{minted}{latex}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\end{minted}
The package \mintinline{latex}{babel} provides language-specific information (e.\,g., on hyphenation, special characters, changing fonts, translation of labels\footnote{cf. \cref{sec:references}} like \enquote{Chapter}, \enquote{Table of Contents}, or \enquote{Figure}, \textellipsis).
The package \mintinline{latex}{babel} provides language-specific information (e.\,g., on hyphenation, special characters, changing fonts, translation of labels\footnote{cf. \cref{sec:references}} like \enquote{Chapter,} \enquote{Table of Contents,} or \enquote{Figure.}
The desired language can be passed as an optional parameter.
\mintinline{latex}{ngerman}, for instance, is used for the new German spelling.
Some packages require that the language is already passed as an optional parameter in the \mintinline{latex}{\documentclass} command.
@ -95,20 +93,21 @@ The actual content of the \acro{PDF} document needs to be put between \mintinlin
The easiest content that we can integrate into the document environment is continuous text.
We can write it directly into our source code.
Line breaks and multiple \added[id=F]{consecutive} spaces are ignored by \LaTeX{}.
Blank lines create a new paragraph, that is indented by default.
\footnote{The automatic indentation of new paragraphs can be prevented by using the command \mintinline{latex}{\noindent}.}
Blank lines create a new paragraph, that is indented by default.\footnote{The automatic indentation of new paragraphs can be prevented by using the command \mintinline{latex}{\noindent}.}
Manual line breaks can be enforced with two backslashes (\textbackslash\textbackslash).
This should be avoided, though.
\subsection{Comments}
Some characters are reserved for \LaTeX-specific commands, for instance, the percent sign.
Using a percent sign tells the \LaTeX{} compiler to ignore the rest of the line, i.\,e., the text after the percent character will not appear in the generated \acro{PDF} document.
Using a percent sign tells the \LaTeX{} compiler to ignore the rest of the line, \replaced[id=C]{so}{i.\,e.,} the text after the percent character will not appear in the generated \acro{PDF} document.
This can be useful in order to take notes while working on a document without affecting the document itself.
\replaced[id=F]{It}{This} is called a comment.
\replaced[id=F]{It}{This} is called a \emph{comment}\textit{.}
\todo{Ab da wird es redundant zu Abschnitt 5.5. Reicht da nicht ein Verweis?}
However, if we want the percent sign to actually appear in the text, we can achieve this by using a backslash: \mintinline{latex}{\%}.
This solution is called escaping and also works for other reserved characters, like \#, \$, \&, \_, \{ and \}.
\todo{Und spätestens hier hat es nichts mehr mit Kommentaren zu tun :D}
In order to escape the backslash, the command \mintinline{latex}{\textbackslash} must be used.
\footnote{An overview of additional special characters can be found in \cref{sec:special-characters}.}
@ -120,7 +119,10 @@ The commands that are depicted in \cref{lst:headlines} can be used with any docu
\Example{lst:headlines}{basic-document-structure/headlines}{basic-document-structure/headlines_crop}{Heading Levels}
\todo{Beispiele neu generieren.}
Depending on your specified document class, the commands \mintinline{latex}{\chapter{Chapter}} and \mintinline{latex}{\part{Part}} are additionally available -- for instance in books.
\added[id=C]{Komisches Konstrukt, weil \texttt{replaced} nicht mit enthaltenen mint-Dingen klarkommt. Geändert:} Some document classes provide additional commands. In a \texttt{report}, you get \mintinline{latex}{\chapter{Chapter}}, and in a \texttt{book}, additionally \mintinline{latex}{\part{Part}}.
\added[id=C]{Vorher:}
Depending on your specified document class, the commands \mintinline{latex}{\chapter{Chapter}} and \mintinline{latex}{\part{Part}} are additionally available -- for instance in books.
\added[id=C]{Ende der Änderung.}
You can mark the command with an asterisk if you want to omit the numbering of a section and exclude it from the table of contents:\footnote{cf. \cref{sec:table-of-contents}}
\begin{minted}{latex}
@ -146,10 +148,8 @@ The design of the front matter depends on the specified document class.
The command \mintinline{latex}{\tableofcontents} generates an automatically numbered table of contents by making use of the above-mentioned commands for dividing our text into sections and chapters (this can bee seen in \cref{lst:main-file} on \cpageref{lst:main-file}).
The numbering style and depth, and many other options can, of course, be specified manually.
\footnote{We recommend the following blogpost: \url{https://texblog.org/2011/09/09/10-ways-to-customize-tocloflot/}}
The numbering style and depth, and many other options can, of course, be specified manually.\footnote{We recommend the following blogpost: \url{https://texblog.org/2011/09/09/10-ways-to-customize-tocloflot/}}
For \LaTeX{} to create our table of contents properly, the project has to be compiled twice.
Besides the table of contents, you can also generate a \mintinline{latex}{\listoffigures} (list of figures) and a \mintinline{latex}{\listoftables} (list of tables).
The captions of your figures and tables will appear within those indices.
\footnote{cf. \cref{sec:graphics} (Graphics) and \cref{sec:tables} (Tables) for more information on captions}
The captions of your figures and tables will appear within those indices.\footnote{cf. \cref{sec:graphics} (Graphics) and \cref{sec:tables} (Tables) for more information on captions}

7
content/formatting-paragraphs.tex
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@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ These commands influence the environment that they are used in, e.\,g., the
\texttt{document} environment. Correspondingly, the text within the whole
document is affected.
Alternatively, we can use dedicated environments in order to influence the
format
of our paragraph (\cref{lst:ragged-alignment}).
format\added[id=C]{ting}
of \replaced[id=C]{certain}{our} paragraph\added[id=C]{s} (\cref{lst:ragged-alignment}).
\example{lst:ragged-alignment}{formatting-paragraphs/ragged-alignment}{Ragged
alignment}
@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ Usually, we illustrate a new paragraph by indenting the first line of it
(\mintinline{tex}{\parindent}).
Alternatively, paragraph spacing, i.\,e., vertical space between paragraphs,
can be used (\mintinline{tex}{\parskip}).
For both variants, there are adjustable parameters:
\begin{minted}{tex}
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
@ -33,7 +32,7 @@ For both variants, there are adjustable parameters:
}
\end{minted}
We can use \mintinline{tex}{\noindent} to turn off the indentation for only one
\noindent We can use \mintinline{tex}{\noindent} to turn off the indentation for only one
paragraph.
For the first paragraph after a heading, there is usually no indentation.

3
content/maths.tex
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@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ As with many other environments, adding an asterisk turns off the numbering.
\section{A few examples}
%Die \cref{tbl:maths-common-commands,tbl:maths-logic-sets-braces} listen einige häufig in Formeln verwendeten Befehle auf.
\todo{In diesem und dem nächsten Abschnitt fehlt mir ein bisschen die Orientierung durch Fließtext. Könnten wir nicht den Text der Tabellenunterschrift in einen Absatz vor der Tabelle umwandeln und die Tabellenunterschrift entsprechend kürzer halten?}
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ Line breaks are denoted by two backslashes.
\Example{lst:math-alignment-example}{maths/align-example}{maths/align-example_crop}{Equations aligned at equals signs}
\section{Intensional set notation}\todo{Is that really what this section is about? Looks rather like a “text within maths” section to me.}\todo{Ich kenne es nur als »Set-builder notation«, »text within maths« ist natürlich auch nicht falsch.}
\section{Intensional set notation}\todo{Is that really what this section is about? Looks rather like a “text within maths” section to me.}\todo{Ich kenne es nur als »Set-builder notation«, »text within maths« ist natürlich auch nicht falsch.}\todo{Diese Syntax mit den geschweifen Klammern und dem Strich, ja. Aber hier geht es doch eher um das mathrm, oder? Und das braucht man ja zum Beispiel auch für so ne Formeldefintion mit Fallunterscheidung und verbaler Beschreibung.}
Sometimes sets have to be defined in terms of textual descriptions or longer function names.
The \LaTeX{} math mode assumes that letters are variables rather than text, which creates problems when they are indeed supposed to be entire words.

4
content/project-structure.tex
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ In order not to lose the overview in the source code and to avoid that source fi
\section{Main file}
In large projects, we typically use one main file, which is often called \texttt{main.tex}. It is, in a sense, the structural skeleton of the project, as it contains the basic structure including the preamble. The title, table of contents, as well as the individual chapters of a work are integrated in this main file (cf. \cref{lst:main-file}). The inclusion of the individual sections can be done either by \mintinline{latex}{\input{...}} or \mintinline{latex}{\include{...}}. Both require the path to the file to be included as an argument. We will discuss the differences between the two commands later (see \cref{sec:input-vs-include}).
In large projects, we typically use one main file, which is often called \texttt{main.tex}. It is, in a sense, the structural skeleton of the project, as it contains the basic structure including the preamble. The title, table of contents, as well as the individual chapters of a work are integrated in this main file (cf.\ \cref{lst:main-file}). The inclusion of the individual sections can be done either by \mintinline{latex}{\input{...}} or \mintinline{latex}{\include{...}}. Both require the path to the file to be included as an argument. We will discuss the differences between the two commands later (see \cref{sec:input-vs-include}).
\example{lst:main-file}{project-structure/main-file}{Typical structure in a main file \LaTeX{}}
@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ If you use the command \mintinline{latex}{\input}, you can specify the file exte
The command \mintinline{latex}{\include} behaves differently: Here, the file
extension \texttt{.tex} \emph{must} be omitted. Nesting of embeddings is not
possible. Also, a new page is created for each included file.
possible. Also, a new page is created for each included file.

6
content/special-characters.tex
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@ -81,12 +81,12 @@ The decisive factor is the appearance, not the semantics, which is why the Frenc
\label{tbl:quotation-marks}
\end{table}
We can also get more flexibility using the \mintinline{tex}{csquote} package, which provides the \mintinline{tex}|\enquote{<quote>}| command.
We can \deleted[id=C]{also }get more flexibility using the \mintinline{tex}{csquote} package, which provides the \mintinline{tex}|\enquote{<quote>}| command.
It chooses the correct quotation marks depending on the language being used; also, nested \texttt{enquote}s automatically switch back and forth between first and second level.
When enabling the \mintinline{tex}|autostyle=true| option on package import, \mintinline{tex}|\foreignquote{<language>}{<quote>}| selects varying quotation marks for each quotation.
\section{Diacritics}
If we are able to insert letters with diacritics via our keyboard\,---\,e.\,g., the German Umlauts or common accents\,---\,we can also do this within our source code:
If we are able to insert letters with diacritics via our keyboard\,---\,e.\,g., the German Umlauts or common accents\,---\,we can \deleted[id=C]{also }do this within our source code\added[id=C]{, as well}:
The characters will remain intact in the output.
If not, we can also create the diacritics via escape codes.
\Cref{tbl:diacritics} shows just a few examples\,---\,the letters can of course be swapped out, but there is still a huge amount of different diacritics.
@ -142,5 +142,5 @@ Please note that some of them only work in maths environments (c.\,f. \cref{sec:
\label{tbl:special-characters}
\end{table}
Whenever you need a certain symbol and don’t know its name, \emph{Detexify}\footnote{\url{http://detexify.kirelabs.org/classify.html}} comes to the rescue: You can draw the symbol and get all necessery information.
From cuneiforms to technical symbols, there is absolutely \emph{everything}, as you can see scrolling through the \emph{Comprehensive \LaTeX{} Symbol List}.\footnote{\url{http://tug.ctan.org/info/symbols/comprehensive/symbols-a4.pdf}}
From cuneiforms to technical symbols, there is absolutely \emph{everything}\textit{,} as you can see scrolling through the \emph{Comprehensive \LaTeX{} Symbol List}\textit{.}\footnote{\url{http://tug.ctan.org/info/symbols/comprehensive/symbols-a4.pdf}}

2
exercises/basic-document-structure/task.tex
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@ -5,6 +5,4 @@
\item Afterwards, comment out the preamble, the document environment, and the table of contents.
\end{enumerate}
\todo{Text übersetzen}
\exercisematerial{exercises/basic-document-structure/document-structure}

2
praeamble.tex
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@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
\usepackage{minted}
% Quotes (\enquote)
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[autostyle,autopunct=false]{csquotes}
% Icons
\usepackage{fontawesome5}