76 lines
4.3 KiB
TeX
76 lines
4.3 KiB
TeX
\chapter{Reference management}
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\label{sec:literature}
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For typesetting our first theses in \LaTeX{}, the last core functionality to learn is citing literature.
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Our references are gathered in a bibliography file.
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Once we reference one of its entries from our \LaTeX{} document, Bib\TeX{} (a program similar to the standard \acro{PDF}\LaTeX{} compiler) can insert automatically generated citations.
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It will format them in a bibliography style of our choice.
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\section{The bibliography file}
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Our \textbf{bibliography collection} consists of multiple literature entries in a pre-defined format, such that they can be processed by Bib\TeX{}.
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An exemplary item can be seen in \cref{lst:bibfile-sample-entry}.
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\begin{minted}[autogobble]{latex}
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@article{turing1990,
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title={The chemical basis of morphogenesis},
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author={Turing, Alan Mathison},
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journal={Bulletin of mathematical biology},
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volume={52},
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pages={153--197},
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year={1990},
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publisher={Springer}
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}
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\end{minted}
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\caption{Exemplary bibliography entry}
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\label{lst:bibfile-sample-entry}
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\end{figure}
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The type of the bibliography entry is specified after the opening \texttt{@} sign (e.\,g., article, book, proceedings, …).
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What follows is a list of important attributes like title and author.
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Whether they are required or not depends on the entry type.
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In any case, we will need the first entry after the opening braces: the Bib\TeX{} key.
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This is the identifier that we will use to reference the entry in our \LaTeX{} document.
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Bib\TeX{} keys can be chosen freely, but have to be unique.
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Typically, they will consist of a combination of authors, publication dates, and topics.
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\textbf{Bibliography files} can be compiled manually, yet it is more common to use programs like JabRef,\footnote{Cf. \url{https://www.jabref.org/}.} Zotero\footnote{Cf. \url{https://www.zotero.org/}.} or the widely-used software Citavi\footnote{Vgl. \url{https://www.citavi.com/de}.}.
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While JabRef operates directly on your bibliography file, Zotero and Citavi projects\footnote{Vgl. \url{https://www1.citavi.com/sub/manual5/de/exporting_to_bibtex.html}.} can be exported to bibliography files to use them in \LaTeX{} documents.
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\textbf{Bibliography entries} are provided by many academic search engines, including Google Scholar (cf. \cref{fig:google-scholar-bibtex}).
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When using them, make sure that the entries are cohesive across your reference collection and complete with regard to their attributes.
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A high-quality (although, unfortunately, incomplete) source for Bib\TeX{} entries is the dblp Computer Science Library\footnote{Available at \url{https://dblp.org/search}.}.
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{graphics/google_bibtex1.jpg}
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{graphics/google_bibtex2.jpg}
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\caption{Loading Bib\TeX{} entries from Google Scholar}
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\label{fig:google-scholar-bibtex}
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\end{figure}
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\section{Citing}
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Bib\TeX{} extends \LaTeX{} by several commands (cf. \cref{tbl:bibtex-commands}).
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Make sure to include the \mintinline{sh}{natbib} package for this purpose.
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\begin{table}[H]
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\centering
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\begin{tabular}{ll}
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\toprule
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Function & Command \\ \midrule
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Citing sources & \mintinline{latex}{\cite{<source>}} \\
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Citing pages & \mintinline{latex}{\cite[p. 15]{<source>}} \\
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Custom citations & \mintinline{latex}{\cite[<prefix>][<suffix>]{<source>}} \\
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Including the bibliography & \mintinline{latex}{\bibliography{<bibliographyfile>}} \\
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Setting the bibliography style & \mintinline{latex}{\bibliographystyle{<style>}} \\ \bottomrule
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\end{tabular}
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\caption{Commands for citations}
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\label{tbl:bibtex-commands}
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\end{table}
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The \mintinline{latex}{<source>} of a citation is always a Bib\TeX key.
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The list of available citation styles\footnote{Head to Overleaf for a rather complete list: \url{https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Biblatex_citation_styles}} includes alpha, natdin, and apa.
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The table of references will always appear where the \mintinline{latex}{\bibliography{…}} command was put.
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The \mintinline{latex}{\cite} command comes with many variants.\footnote{Cf. \url{https://www.economics.utoronto.ca/osborne/latex/BIBTEX.HTM.}}
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\Example{lst:natdin-example}{literature/natdin-example}{literature/natdin-example_bib}{Examplery citations in the \mintinline{latex}{natdin} style.}
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