latex-wochenende/slides/tables.en.md

@slide(layout=chapter-slide)

@number 9

@title Tables

@slide(layout=content-only)

@title Basic structure 🗒️

@content For typographically pleasing tables, we use the booktabs package.

\usepackage{booktabs}

\begin{table}[<position>]
	\caption{<caption>}
	\begin{tabular}{<column definition>}
		% table content
	\end{tabular}
\end{table}

Positioning works just like with graphics.

@slide(layout=content-and-preview)

@title Column definitions

@content

\begin{tabular}{lrcl}
    % table content
\end{tabular}

letter	meaning
l	left-justified column
c	centred column
r	right-justified column

++ Vertical separator lines and double horizontal lines are frowned upon by typographers and should be avoided.

@preview {.thin-padding}

@slide(layout=content-and-preview)

@title Table content

@content

\begin{tabular}{lll}
    \toprule
    Column 1 & Column 2 & Column 3    \\
    \midrule
    Content a & Content b & Content c \\
    Content e & Content f & Content g \\
    Content i & Content j & Content k \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabular}

• ++ Columns are separated by ’&’.
• ++ Rows are ended by ‘\\’.
• ++ \toprule, \midrule and \bottomrule structure the table.

@preview {.thin-padding}

@slide(layout=wide-content)

@title The entire table

@content

\begin{table}[h]
    \caption{Well-known programming languages}
    \begin{tabular}{lrcl}
        \toprule
        Language & Author            & Year & File extension \\
        \midrule 
        C++      & Bjarne Stroustrup & 1985 & .cpp           \\
        Java     & James Gosling     & 1998 & .java          \\
        Python   & Guido van Rossum  & 1991 & .py            \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

`@{}` to the left and right of a column definition removes the padding of the corresponding column.

`\begin{tabular}{@{}lrcl@{}}` limits the row separators to the width of the table content

@slide(layout=content-only)

@title More comfort

@content The Tables Generator is a wonderful tool to quickly create tables of different formats.

@slide(layout=task)

@task-number 9

@title Typesetting tables

@content

• The list in file exercises/tables/tables.tex stores information on a few modules of the WIAI faculty.
• Transform the list into a table.
• The table shall have colums for the name, the abbreviation (Kürzel) and the semester of the lectures.
• Add a column with center-aligned text on the left side of the table in order to number the lectures.
• Add a caption for the table.

@slide(layout=extra-content-only)

@title Particularly long tables

@content Tables that exceed one page are simply cut off by tabular. A solution is offered by the longtable package:

\usepackage{longtable}

\begin{longtable}{<column definition>}
    \caption{<caption>}
    \label{<label>}
    % table content
\end{longtable}

@slide(layout=extra-content-only)

@title Notes on longtable

@content

\begin{longtable}{<column definition>}
    \caption{<caption>}
    \label{<label>}
    % table content
\end{longtable}

• The longtable environment merges the tabular and table environments.
• Caption and label can therefore be inserted directly under the table content.
• As long as the booktabs package is used, its features are also provided in longtable.

@slide(layout=extra-content-only)

@title Particularly wide tables

@content If you need a table to be wider than a page, you can display it in landscape orientation:

\usepackage{rotating}

\begin{sidewaystable}[<position>]
	\begin{tabular}{<column def.>}
		% table content
	\end{tabular}
\end{sidewaystable}

@slide(layout=extra-content-and-preview)

@title Colouring a table

@content

\usepackage[table]{xcolor}

\begin{tabular}{lll}
	\toprule
	A & \cellcolor{yellow}yellow & cell \\
    A & \cellcolor{yellow!25}lighter yellow & cell \\
	\rowcolor[HTML]{FFDE21}
	A & yellow & row  \\
	\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

• Use \cellcolor to color individual cells.
• Use \rowcolor to color entire rows.
• Color can be defined by name, percentage (e.g. yellow!25), or hex ([HTML]{...}).

@preview {.thin-padding}

@slide(layout=extra-content-and-preview)

@title Merge cells

@content

\begin{tabular}{lll}
	\toprule
	Animal  & Food  & Size  \\
	\midrule
	horse   & hay   & large \\
	frog    & flies & small \\
	fooboar & \multicolumn{2}{c}{unknown} \\
	\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

• \multicolumn{2}{c}{...} combines two columns into one.
• The second argument specifies the alignment (and borders).

@preview {.thin-padding}

@slide(layout=extra-content-and-preview)

@title Line breaks in a cell

@content

\usepackage{makecell}

\begin{tabular}{ll}
	\toprule
	Name & Description                          \\
	\midrule
	Cat & \makecell[l]{small \\ likes to sleep} \\
	Dog & \makecell[l]{loyal \\ needs walks}    \\
	\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

• By default, \makecell centers its contents.
• Use \makecell[l]{content} to left-align the content.

@preview {.thin-padding}

@slide(layout=extra-content-and-preview)

@title Fixed column width

@content The p{4cm} column automatically wraps text within 4cm.

\begin{tabular}{lp{4cm}}
	\toprule
	Item  & Description                 \\
	\midrule
	Chair & Four legs, one surface      \\
	Table & Like a chair but different  \\
	\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

@preview {.thin-padding}

@slide(layout=extra-content-and-preview)

@title An advanced example

@content

\begin{table}[h]
	\begin{tabular}{llr}
		\toprule
		Structure   & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Access time complexity} \\ \cmidrule(r){2-3} & Average & Worst \\
		\midrule
		Stack       & $\mathcal{O}(n)$      & $\mathcal{O}(n)$      \\
		Binary tree & $\mathcal{O}(log(n))$ & $\mathcal{O}(n)$      \\
		AVL tree    & $\mathcal{O}(log(n))$ & $\mathcal{O}(log(n))$ \\
		\bottomrule
	\end{tabular}
\end{table}

@preview {.thin-padding}

@slide(layout=extra-content-only)

@title Further resources

@content

• For tips on how to format tables — including what to align left, how to label columns and when to use borders — refer to the APA style guide:

🔗 Table guidelines

• The booktabs package provides commands for high-quality tables:

🔗 Booktabs documentation